2022 Consumer Confidence Report

2022 Consumer Confidence Report for Public Water System CITY OF STRAWN

This is your water quality report for January 1 to December 31, 2022		For more information regarding this report contact:


CITY OF STRAWN provides surface water from Lake Tucker, located in Palo Pinto County and ground water from water wells located in Desdemona, Eastland County.		Name ___Danny Miller_________________________

		Phone _____(254) 672-5311____________________________________

Este reporte incluye información importante sobre el agua para tomar. Para asistencia en español, favor de llamar al telefono (254) 672-5311.

Definitions and Abbreviations

Definitions and Abbreviations		The following tables contain scientific terms and measures, some of which may require explanation.

Action Level:		The concentration of a contaminant which, if exceeded, triggers treatment or other requirements which a water system must follow.



Avg:		Regulatory compliance with some MCLs are based on running annual average of monthly samples.

Level 1 Assessment:		A Level 1 assessment is a study of the water system to identify potential problems and determine (if possible) why total coliform bacteria have been found in our water system.


Level 2 Assessment:		A Level 2 assessment is a very detailed study of the water system to identify potential problems and determine (if possible) why an E. coli MCL violation has occurred and/or why total coliform bacteria have been found in our water system on multiple occasions.


Maximum Contaminant Level or MCL:		The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water. MCLs are set as close to the MCLGs as feasible using the best available treatment technology.


Maximum Contaminant Level Goal or MCLG:		The level of a contaminant in drinking water below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MCLGs allow for a margin of safety.

Maximum residual disinfectant level or MRDL:		The highest level of a disinfectant allowed in drinking water. There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary for control of microbial contaminants.


Maximum residual disinfectant level goal or MRDLG:		The level of a drinking water disinfectant below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MRDLGs do not reflect the benefits of the use of disinfectants to control microbial contaminants.

MFL		million fibers per liter (a measure of asbestos)

mrem:		millirems per year (a measure of radiation absorbed by the body)

na:		not applicable.

NTU		nephelometric turbidity units (a measure of turbidity)

pCi/L		picocuries per liter (a measure of radioactivity)

Definitions and Abbreviations

ppb:		micrograms per liter or parts per billion

ppm:		milligrams per liter or parts per million

ppq		parts per quadrillion, or picograms per liter (pg/L)

ppt		parts per trillion, or nanograms per liter (ng/L)

Treatment Technique or TT:		A required process intended to reduce the level of a contaminant in drinking water.

Information about your Drinking Water

The sources of drinking water (both tap water and bottled water) include rivers, lakes, streams, ponds, reservoirs, springs, and wells. As water travels over the surface of the land or through the ground, it dissolves naturally-occurring minerals and, in some cases, radioactive material, and can pick up substances resulting from the presence of animals or from human activity.

Drinking water, including bottled water, may reasonably be expected to contain at least small amounts of some contaminants. The presence of contaminants does not necessarily indicate that water poses a health risk. More information about contaminants and potential health effects can be obtained by calling the EPAs Safe Drinking Water Hotline at (800) 426-4791.

Contaminants that may be present in source water include:

- Microbial contaminants, such as viruses and bacteria, which may come from sewage treatment plants, septic systems, agricultural livestock operations, and wildlife.

- Inorganic contaminants, such as salts and metals, which can be naturally-occurring or result from urban storm water runoff, industrial or domestic wastewater discharges, oil and gas production, mining, or farming.

- Pesticides and herbicides, which may come from a variety of sources such as agriculture, urban storm water runoff, and residential uses.

- Organic chemical contaminants, including synthetic and volatile organic chemicals, which are by-products of industrial processes and petroleum production, and can also come from gas stations, urban storm water runoff, and septic systems.

- Radioactive contaminants, which can be naturally-occurring or be the result of oil and gas production and mining activities.

In order to ensure that tap water is safe to drink, EPA prescribes regulations which limit the amount of certain contaminants in water provided by public water systems. FDA regulations establish limits for contaminants in bottled water which must provide the same protection for public health.

Contaminants may be found in drinking water that may cause taste, color, or odor problems. These types of problems are not necessarily causes for health concerns. For more information on taste, odor, or color of drinking water, please contact the system's business office.

You may be more vulnerable than the general population to certain microbial contaminants, such as Cryptosporidium, in drinking water. Infants, some elderly, or immunocompromised persons such as those undergoing chemotherapy for cancer; persons who have undergone organ transplants; those who are undergoing treatment with steroids; and people with HIV/AIDS or other immune system disorders, can be particularly at risk from infections. You should seek advice about drinking water from your physician or health care providers. Additional guidelines on appropriate means to lessen the risk of infection by Cryptosporidium are available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800-426-4791).

If present, elevated levels of lead can cause serious health problems, especially for pregnant women and young children. Lead in drinking water is primarily from materials and components associated with service lines and home plumbing. We are responsible for providing high quality drinking water, but we cannot control the variety of materials used in plumbing components. When your water has been sitting for several hours, you can minimize the potential for lead exposure by flushing your tap for 30 seconds to 2 minutes before using water for drinking or cooking. If you are concerned about lead in your water, you may wish to have your water tested. Information on lead in drinking water, testing methods, and steps you can take to minimize exposure is available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline or at http://www.epa.gov/safewater/lead.

Information about Source Water

TCEQ completed an assessment of your source water, and results indicate that some of our sources are susceptible to certain contaminants. The sampling requirements for your water system is based on this susceptibility and previous sample data. Any detections of these contaminants will be found in this Consumer Confidence Report. For more information on source water assessments and protection efforts at our system contact [insert water system contact][insert phone number]

Lead and Copper	Date Sampled	MCLG	Action Level (AL)	90th Percentile	# Sites Over AL	Units	Violation	Likely Source of Contamination

Copper	2022	1.3	1.3	0.281	0	ppm	N	Erosion of natural deposits; Leaching from wood preservatives; Corrosion of household plumbing systems.

Lead	2022	0	15	6.89	1	ppb	N	Corrosion of household plumbing systems; Erosion of natural deposits.

2022 Water Quality Test Results

2022

Disinfection By-Products	Collection Date	Highest Level Detected	Range of Individual Samples	MCLG	MCL	Units	Violation	Likely Source of Contamination

Haloacetic Acids (HAA5)	2022	67	14.5 - 42.9	No goal for the total	60	ppb	Y	By-product of drinking water disinfection.

*The value in the Highest Level or Average Detected column is the highest average of all HAA5 sample results collected at a location over a year

Total Trihalomethanes (TTHM)

2022

21.5 - 35

No goal for the total

ppb

By-product of drinking water disinfection.

*The value in the Highest Level or Average Detected column is the highest average of all TTHM sample results collected at a location over a year

2022

Inorganic Contaminants	Collection Date	Highest Level Detected	Range of Individual Samples	MCLG	MCL	Units	Violation	Likely Source of Contamination

Barium	2022	0.078	0.078 - 0.078	2	2	ppm	N	Discharge of drilling wastes; Discharge from metal refineries; Erosion of natural deposits.

Cyanide	2022	87.7	87.7 - 87.7	200	200	ppb	N	Discharge from plastic and fertilizer factories; Discharge from steel/metal factories.

Fluoride	2022	0.1	0.0915 - 0.0915	4	4.0	ppm	N	Erosion of natural deposits; Water additive which promotes strong teeth; Discharge from fertilizer and aluminum factories.

Nitrate [measured as Nitrogen]	2022	5	0.163 - 5.1	10	10	ppm	N	Runoff from fertilizer use; Leaching from septic tanks, sewage; Erosion of natural deposits.

Nitrite [measured as Nitrogen]	2022	0.0235	0.0235 - 0.0235	1	1	ppm	N	Runoff from fertilizer use; Leaching from septic tanks, sewage; Erosion of natural deposits.

2022

Radioactive Contaminants	Collection Date	Highest Level Detected	Range of Individual Samples	MCLG	MCL	Units	Violation	Likely Source of Contamination

Beta/photon emitters	02/24/2020	4.5	4.5 - 4.5	0	50	pCi/L*	N	Decay of natural and man-made deposits.

*EPA considers 50 pCi/L to be the level of concern for beta particles.

Combined Radium 226/228	02/24/2020	2.46	2.46 - 2.46	0	5	pCi/L	N	Erosion of natural deposits.

Gross alpha excluding radon and uranium	02/24/2020	9	9 - 9	0	15	pCi/L	N	Erosion of natural deposits.

Uranium	02/24/2020	1.1	1.1 - 1.1	0	30	ug/l	N	Erosion of natural deposits.

Disinfectant Residual

A blank disinfectant residual table has been added to the CCR template, you will need to add data to the fields. Your data can be taken off the Disinfectant Level Quarterly Operating Reports (DLQOR).

Disinfectant Residual	Year	Average Level	Range of Levels Detected	MRDL	MRDLG	Unit of Measure	Violation (Y/N)	Source in Drinking Water

Chloramines	2022	2.8	3.5-.5	4	4	ppm	N	Water additive used to control microbes.

Turbidity

	Level Detected	Limit (Treatment Technique)	Violation	Likely Source of Contamination
Highest single measurement	0.3 NTU	1 NTU	N	Soil runoff.
Lowest monthly % meeting limit	100%	0.3 NTU	N	Soil runoff.

Information Statement: Turbidity is a measurement of the cloudiness of the water caused by suspended particles. We monitor it because it is a good indicator of water quality and the effectiveness of our filtration system and disinfectants.

Microbiological (Coliforms) Testing Results in the City of Strawn System

Type of Contaminant Sample Year Total Coliform Maximum Contaminant Level Total Number of Positive E. Coli or Total Coliform Samples Violation Likely Source of Contaminant

Coliform bacteria 2022 1 or more monthly samples which are total coliform positive 0 no Naturally present in environment

Total Organic Carbon

The percentage of Total Organic Carbon (TOC) removal was measured each month and the system met all TOC removal requirements set, unless a TOC violation is noted in the violations section.

Violations

Consumer Confidence Rule
The Consumer Confidence Rule requires community water systems to prepare and provide to their customers annual consumer confidence reports on the quality of the water delivered by the systems.
Violation Type	Violation Begin	Violation End	Violation Explanation
CCR ADEQUACY/AVAILABILITY/CONTENT	07/01/2022	2022	We failed to provide to you, our drinking water customers, an annual report that adequately informed you about the quality of our drinking water and the risks from exposure to contaminants detected in our drinking water.

Haloacetic Acids (HAA5)
Some people who drink water containing haloacetic acids in excess of the MCL over many years may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Violation Type	Violation Begin	Violation End	Violation Explanation

Violations

MCL, LRAA	01/01/2022	03/31/2022	Water samples showed that the amount of this contaminant in our drinking water was above its standard (called a maximum contaminant level and abbreviated MCL) for the period indicated.

Lead and Copper Rule
The Lead and Copper Rule protects public health by minimizing lead and copper levels in drinking water, primarily by reducing water corrosivity. Lead and copper enter drinking water mainly from corrosion of lead and copper containing plumbing materials.
Violation Type	Violation Begin	Violation End	Violation Explanation
LEAD CONSUMER NOTICE (LCR)	12/30/2022	2022	We failed to provide the results of lead tap water monitoring to the consumers at the location water was tested. These were supposed to be provided no later than 30 days after learning the results.

Public Notification Rule
The Public Notification Rule helps to ensure that consumers will always know if there is a problem with their drinking water. These notices immediately alert consumers if there is a serious problem with their drinking water (e.g., a boil water emergency).
Violation Type	Violation Begin	Violation End	Violation Explanation
PUBLIC NOTICE RULE LINKED TO VIOLATION	12/28/2018	09/14/2022	We failed to adequately notify you, our drinking water consumers, about a violation of the drinking water regulations.
PUBLIC NOTICE RULE LINKED TO VIOLATION	12/28/2018	12/19/2022	We failed to adequately notify you, our drinking water consumers, about a violation of the drinking water regulations.
PUBLIC NOTICE RULE LINKED TO VIOLATION	04/04/2019	09/14/2022	We failed to adequately notify you, our drinking water consumers, about a violation of the drinking water regulations.
PUBLIC NOTICE RULE LINKED TO VIOLATION	06/20/2019	09/14/2022	We failed to adequately notify you, our drinking water consumers, about a violation of the drinking water regulations.
PUBLIC NOTICE RULE LINKED TO VIOLATION	10/20/2019	09/14/2022	We failed to adequately notify you, our drinking water consumers, about a violation of the drinking water regulations.
PUBLIC NOTICE RULE LINKED TO VIOLATION	12/26/2019	09/14/2022	We failed to adequately notify you, our drinking water consumers, about a violation of the drinking water regulations.
PUBLIC NOTICE RULE LINKED TO VIOLATION	02/03/2020	09/14/2022	We failed to adequately notify you, our drinking water consumers, about a violation of the drinking water regulations.
PUBLIC NOTICE RULE LINKED TO VIOLATION	03/03/2020	09/14/2022	We failed to adequately notify you, our drinking water consumers, about a violation of the drinking water regulations.
PUBLIC NOTICE RULE LINKED TO VIOLATION	04/28/2020	09/14/2022	We failed to adequately notify you, our drinking water consumers, about a violation of the drinking water regulations.
PUBLIC NOTICE RULE LINKED TO VIOLATION	08/19/2020	09/14/2022	We failed to adequately notify you, our drinking water consumers, about a violation of the drinking water regulations.
PUBLIC NOTICE RULE LINKED TO VIOLATION	09/01/2020	09/14/2022	We failed to adequately notify you, our drinking water consumers, about a violation of the drinking water regulations.
PUBLIC NOTICE RULE LINKED TO VIOLATION	01/13/2021	09/14/2022	We failed to adequately notify you, our drinking water consumers, about a violation of the drinking water regulations.

Violations

PUBLIC NOTICE RULE LINKED TO VIOLATION	04/15/2021	09/14/2022	We failed to adequately notify you, our drinking water consumers, about a violation of the drinking water regulations.
PUBLIC NOTICE RULE LINKED TO VIOLATION	06/29/2021	09/14/2022	We failed to adequately notify you, our drinking water consumers, about a violation of the drinking water regulations.
PUBLIC NOTICE RULE LINKED TO VIOLATION	07/15/2021	09/14/2022	We failed to adequately notify you, our drinking water consumers, about a violation of the drinking water regulations.
PUBLIC NOTICE RULE LINKED TO VIOLATION	09/28/2021	09/14/2022	We failed to adequately notify you, our drinking water consumers, about a violation of the drinking water regulations.
PUBLIC NOTICE RULE LINKED TO VIOLATION	01/15/2022	09/14/2022	We failed to adequately notify you, our drinking water consumers, about a violation of the drinking water regulations.
PUBLIC NOTICE RULE LINKED TO VIOLATION	03/24/2022	09/14/2022	We failed to adequately notify you, our drinking water consumers, about a violation of the drinking water regulations.
PUBLIC NOTICE RULE LINKED TO VIOLATION	04/14/2022	09/14/2022	We failed to adequately notify you, our drinking water consumers, about a violation of the drinking water regulations.
PUBLIC NOTICE RULE LINKED TO VIOLATION	07/12/2022	09/14/2022	We failed to adequately notify you, our drinking water consumers, about a violation of the drinking water regulations.
PUBLIC NOTICE RULE NOT LINKED VIOLATION	10/05/2020	09/14/2022	We failed to adequately notify you, our drinking water consumers, about a violation of the drinking water regulations.

2022 Water Loss Audit Information

Time Period Covered by Audit Estimated Gallons of Water Lost During 2022 Comments and/or Explanations

January to December 2022 16,420,793 Water loss was due to a number of

factors including flushing to maintain

quality, water leaks, and aging customer

water meters failing to register all usage.