2023 Consumer Confidence Report

2023 City of Strawn Consumer Confidence Report

2023 Consumer Confidence Report for Public Water System CITY OF STRAWN

This is your water quality report for January 1 to December 31, 2023		For more information regarding this report contact:


CITY OF STRAWN provides surface water and ground water from Lake Tucker in Palo Pinto County and Trinity Sands located in Eastland County.		Name Danny Miller

		Phone (254) 672-5311
		Phone (254) 672-5311

Este reporte incluye información importante sobre el agua para tomar. Para asistencia en español, favor de llamar al telefono (254) 672-5311.

Public Participation opportunities:

City Council Meeting

Date: Second Monday of the month

Time: 6:00 p.m.

Location: City Hall, 118 E. Housely St., Strawn, TX 76475

Definitions and Abbreviations

Definitions and Abbreviations		The following tables contain scientific terms and measures, some of which may require explanation.

Action Level:		The concentration of a contaminant which, if exceeded, triggers treatment or other requirements which a water system must follow.



Avg:		Regulatory compliance with some MCLs are based on running annual average of monthly samples.

Level 1 Assessment:		A Level 1 assessment is a study of the water system to identify potential problems and determine (if possible) why total coliform bacteria have been found in our water system.


Level 2 Assessment:		A Level 2 assessment is a very detailed study of the water system to identify potential problems and determine (if possible) why an E. coli MCL violation has occurred and/or why total coliform bacteria have been found in our water system on multiple occasions.


Maximum Contaminant Level or MCL:		The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water. MCLs are set as close to the MCLGs as feasible using the best available treatment technology.


Maximum Contaminant Level Goal or MCLG:		The level of a contaminant in drinking water below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MCLGs allow for a margin of safety.

Maximum residual disinfectant level or MRDL:		The highest level of a disinfectant allowed in drinking water. There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary for control of microbial contaminants.


Maximum residual disinfectant level goal or MRDLG:		The level of a drinking water disinfectant below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MRDLGs do not reflect the benefits of the use of disinfectants to control microbial contaminants.

MFL		million fibers per liter (a measure of asbestos)

mrem:		millirems per year (a measure of radiation absorbed by the body)

na:		not applicable.

NTU		nephelometric turbidity units (a measure of turbidity)

pCi/L		picocuries per liter (a measure of radioactivity)

Definitions and Abbreviations

ppb:		micrograms per liter or parts per billion

ppm:		milligrams per liter or parts per million

ppq		parts per quadrillion, or picograms per liter (pg/L)

ppt		parts per trillion, or nanograms per liter (ng/L)

Treatment Technique or TT:		A required process intended to reduce the level of a contaminant in drinking water.

Information about your Drinking Water

The sources of drinking water (both tap water and bottled water) include rivers, lakes, streams, ponds, reservoirs, springs, and wells. As water travels over the surface of the land or through the ground, it dissolves naturally-occurring minerals and, in some cases, radioactive material, and can pick up substances resulting from the presence of animals or from human activity.

Drinking water, including bottled water, may reasonably be expected to contain at least small amounts of some contaminants. The presence of contaminants does not necessarily indicate that water poses a health risk. More information about contaminants and potential health effects can be obtained by calling the EPAs Safe Drinking Water Hotline at (800) 426-4791.

Contaminants that may be present in source water include:

- Microbial contaminants, such as viruses and bacteria, which may come from sewage treatment plants, septic systems, agricultural livestock operations, and wildlife.

- Inorganic contaminants, such as salts and metals, which can be naturally-occurring or result from urban storm water runoff, industrial or domestic wastewater discharges, oil and gas production, mining, or farming.

- Pesticides and herbicides, which may come from a variety of sources such as agriculture, urban storm water runoff, and residential uses.

- Organic chemical contaminants, including synthetic and volatile organic chemicals, which are by-products of industrial processes and petroleum production, and can also come from gas stations, urban storm water runoff, and septic systems.

- Radioactive contaminants, which can be naturally-occurring or be the result of oil and gas production and mining activities.

In order to ensure that tap water is safe to drink, EPA prescribes regulations which limit the amount of certain contaminants in water provided by public water systems. FDA regulations establish limits for contaminants in bottled water which must provide the same protection for public health.

Contaminants may be found in drinking water that may cause taste, color, or odor problems. These types of problems are not necessarily causes for health concerns. For more information on taste, odor, or color of drinking water, please contact the system's business office.

You may be more vulnerable than the general population to certain microbial contaminants, such as Cryptosporidium, in drinking water. Infants, some elderly, or immunocompromised persons such as those undergoing chemotherapy for cancer; persons who have undergone organ transplants; those who are undergoing treatment with steroids; and people with HIV/AIDS or other immune system disorders, can be particularly at risk from infections. You should seek advice about drinking water from your physician or health care providers. Additional guidelines on appropriate means to lessen the risk of infection by Cryptosporidium are available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800-426-4791).

If present, elevated levels of lead can cause serious health problems, especially for pregnant women and young children. Lead in drinking water is primarily from materials and components associated with service lines and home plumbing. We are responsible for providing high quality drinking water, but we cannot control the variety of materials used in plumbing components. When your water has been sitting for several hours, you can minimize the potential for lead exposure by flushing your tap for 30 seconds to 2 minutes before using water for drinking or cooking. If you are concerned about lead in your water, you may wish to have your water tested. Information on lead in drinking water, testing methods, and steps you can take to minimize exposure is available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline or at http://www.epa.gov/safewater/lead.

Information about Source Water

TCEQ completed an assessment of your source water, and results indicate that some of our sources are susceptible to certain contaminants. The sampling requirements for your water system is based on this susceptibility and previous sample data. Any detections of these contaminants will be found in this Consumer Confidence Report. For more information on source water assessments and protection efforts at our system contact [insert water system contact][insert phone number]

Lead and Copper	Date Sampled	MCLG	Action Level (AL)	90th Percentile	# Sites Over AL	Units	Violation	Likely Source of Contamination

Copper	2023	1.3	1.3	0.158	0	ppm	N	Erosion of natural deposits; Leaching from wood preservatives; Corrosion of household plumbing systems.

2023 Water Quality Test Results

2023

Disinfection By-Products	Collection Date	Highest Level Detected	Range of Individual Samples	MCLG	MCL	Units	Violation	Likely Source of Contamination

Haloacetic Acids (HAA5)	2023	25	15.6 - 39.9	No goal for the total	60	ppb	N	By-product of drinking water disinfection.

*The value in the Highest Level or Average Detected column is the highest average of all HAA5 sample results collected at a location over a year

Total Trihalomethanes (TTHM)

2023

11.6 - 47.7

No goal for the total

ppb

By-product of drinking water disinfection.

*The value in the Highest Level or Average Detected column is the highest average of all TTHM sample results collected at a location over a year

2023

Inorganic Contaminants	Collection Date	Highest Level Detected	Range of Individual Samples	MCLG	MCL	Units	Violation	Likely Source of Contamination

Barium	2023	0.42	0.096 - 0.42	2	2	ppm	N	Discharge of drilling wastes; Discharge from metal refineries; Erosion of natural deposits.

Cyanide	2023	122	28.3 - 122	200	200	ppb	N	Discharge from plastic and fertilizer factories; Discharge from steel/metal factories.

Fluoride	2023	0.1	0.089 - 0.109	4	4.0	ppm	N	Erosion of natural deposits; Water additive which promotes strong teeth; Discharge from fertilizer and aluminum factories.

Nitrate [measured as Nitrogen]	2023	5	0.123 - 5.46	10	10	ppm	N	Runoff from fertilizer use; Leaching from septic tanks, sewage; Erosion of natural deposits.

Nitrite [measured as Nitrogen]	03/15/2022	0.0235	0.0235 - 0.0235	1	1	ppm	N	Runoff from fertilizer use; Leaching from septic tanks, sewage; Erosion of natural deposits.

2023

Radioactive Contaminants	Collection Date	Highest Level Detected	Range of Individual Samples	MCLG	MCL	Units	Violation	Likely Source of Contamination

Beta/photon emitters	2023	6.4	6.4 - 6.4	0	50	pCi/L*	N	Decay of natural and man-made deposits.

*EPA considers 50 pCi/L to be the level of concern for beta particles.

Combined Radium 226/228	2023	2.63	2.63 - 2.63	0	5	pCi/L	N	Erosion of natural deposits.

Gross alpha excluding radon and uranium	2023	8.9	8.9 - 8.9	0	15	pCi/L	N	Erosion of natural deposits.

Disinfectant Residual

Disinfectant Residual	Year	Average Level	Range of Levels Detected	MRDL	MRDLG	Unit of Measure	Violation (Y/N)	Source in Drinking Water
Choloramines	2023	2.8	3.5-.5	4	4	PPM	N	Water additive used to control microbes.

Turbidity

	Level Detected	Limit (Treatment Technique)	Violation	Likely Source of Contamination
Highest single measurement	0.62 NTU	1 NTU	N	Soil runoff.
Lowest monthly % meeting limit	93%	0.3 NTU	Y	Soil runoff.

Information Statement: Turbidity is a measurement of the cloudiness of the water caused by suspended particles. We monitor it because it is a good indicator of water quality and the effectiveness of our filtration system and disinfectants.

Microbilogical (Ccoliforms) Testing Results in the City of Strawn System

Type of Contaminant	Sample Year	Total Coliform MCL	E. Coli Maximum Contaminant Level	Total Number of Positive E. Coli or Total Total Coliform Samples	Violation	Likely Source of Contaminant
Coliform Bacteria	2023	1 or more monthly samples which are Total Coliform Positive	2	1	No	Naturally present in Environment

Total Organic Carbon

The percentage of Total Organic Carbon (TOC) removal was measured each month and the system met all TOC removal requirements set, unless a TOC violation is noted in the violations section.

Violations

Consumer Confidence Rule
The Consumer Confidence Rule requires community water systems to prepare and provide to their customers annual consumer confidence reports on the quality of the water delivered by the systems.
Violation Type	Violation Begin	Violation End	Violation Explanation
CCR ADEQUACY/AVAILABILITY/CONTENT	07/01/2023	2023	We failed to provide to you, our drinking water customers, an annual report that adequately informed you about the quality of our drinking water and the risks from exposure to contaminants detected in our drinking water.

Interim Enhanced SWTR
The Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule improves control of microbial contaminants, particularly Cryptosporidium, in systems using surface water, or ground water under the direct influence of surface water. The rule builds upon the treatment technique requirements of the Surface Water Treatment Rule.
Violation Type	Violation Begin	Violation End	Violation Explanation
MONTHLY COMB FLTR EFFLUENT (IESWTR/LT1)	09/01/2023	09/30/2023	Turbidity levels, though relatively low, exceeded a standard for the month indicated. Turbidity (cloudiness) levels are used to measure effective filtration of drinking water.

Violations

Lead and Copper Rule
The Lead and Copper Rule protects public health by minimizing lead and copper levels in drinking water, primarily by reducing water corrosivity. Lead and copper enter drinking water mainly from corrosion of lead and copper containing plumbing materials.
Violation Type	Violation Begin	Violation End	Violation Explanation
LEAD CONSUMER NOTICE (LCR)	12/30/2018	05/06/2024	We failed to provide the results of lead tap water monitoring to the consumers at the location water was tested. These were supposed to be provided no later than 30 days after learning the results.
LEAD CONSUMER NOTICE (LCR)	12/30/2023	2023	We failed to provide the results of lead tap water monitoring to the consumers at the location water was tested. These were supposed to be provided no later than 30 days after learning the results.

Revised Total Coliform Rule (RTCR)
The Revised Total Coliform Rule (RTCR) seeks to prevent waterborne diseases caused by E. coli. E. coli are bacteria whose presence indicates that the water may be contaminated with human or animal wastes. Human pathogens in these wastes can cause short-term effects, such as diarrhea, cramps, nausea, headaches, or other symptoms. They may pose a greater health risk for infants, young children,
Violation Type	Violation Begin	Violation End	Violation Explanation
MONITORING, ROUTINE, MAJOR (RTCR)	09/01/2023	09/30/2023	We failed to test our drinking water for the contaminant and period indicated. Because of this failure, we cannot be sure of the quality of our drinking water during the period indicated.

2023 Water Loss Audit Information

Time Period Covered by Audit	Estimated Gallons of Water Lost during 2023	Comments and/or Explanations
January to December 2023	10,653,844 Gallons	Most of the water lost during 2023 was the result of flushing to maintain water quality or leaks in the distribution system.